Glossary

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X-Linked

Refers to genes that are located on the X chromosome.
X-linked Dominant

Refers to an inheritance pattern where the gene causing a disorder or trait is located on the X chromosome. Most males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome (XY). Only one copy of a gene on the X chromosome, whether in a female with two X chromosomes or males with one X chromosome, must have a change or mutation for an individual to be affected with the condition. See dominant.
X-Linked Recessive

Refers to an inheritance pattern where the gene causing a disorder or trait is located on the X chromosome. Most males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome (XY). Since most males have only one X chromosome, a gene change in their one and only copy of the X chromosome is enough to cause the disorder or trait. Females can have X-linked disorders, but this is not common. Most females have two copies of the X chromosome (XX) and therefore they are more likely to have at least one normal copy of the gene and not be affected. See recessive.